leak-proof drainage systems and pipelines for wastewater collection.

Install oil-water separators to remove oils and greases from process wastewater before storage.

Ensure designated collection tanks are labeled and checked for leaks regularly.

Monitoring Flow Rates:

• Install flow meters on wastewater discharge points to monitor flow rates.
• Record daily flow rates in the Wastewater Log (Annexure 1).

4.3 Treatment of Wastewater

All wastewater must be treated to meet environmental discharge standards before disposal or reuse. Follow these steps:

1. Pre-Treatment:
   1. Filter solids and suspended particles using screens and sedimentation tanks.
   2. Use chemical precipitation for removing heavy metals.
   3. Neutralize acidic or alkaline wastewater using appropriate pH adjustment techniques (e.g., lime or acid dosing).

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2. Primary Treatment:
   • Use clarifiers to separate solids from wastewater.
   • Install grease traps to remove oils and fats.
3. Secondary Treatment:
   • Apply biological treatment methods such as:
     • Activated sludge systems
     • Trickling filters
     • Aeration tanks
   • Monitor biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels to ensure compliance.
4. Tertiary Treatment:
   • Use advanced filtration techniques such as reverse osmosis (RO) or sand filters for final purification.
   • Disinfect wastewater using chlorine or ultraviolet (UV) light treatment.

4.4 Wastewater Discharge

1. Ensure treated wastewater meets environmental standards for pH, BOD, COD, and heavy metal content.
2. Discharge treated wastewater into:
   • Municipal sewage systems (with approval from authorities)
   • Natural water bodies (only if discharge parameters meet regulations)

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3. Record all discharge data, including:
   • Date and time of discharge
   • Flow rates and test results
   • Discharge location
4. Use the Discharge Record Log (Annexure 2) for documentation.

4.5 Reuse of Treated Wastewater

Promote sustainability by reusing treated wastewater for:

• Cooling towers
• Boiler feed water
• Landscaping and irrigation
• Cleaning purposes (non-potable)

4.6 Monitoring and Compliance

1. Conduct regular sampling and testing of wastewater at various stages (pre-treatment, primary, secondary, tertiary):
   • Parameters: pH, BOD, COD, total suspended solids (TSS), heavy metals, and oil/grease.
   • Frequency: Weekly or as per regulatory requirements.

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2. Maintain testing records and submit periodic reports to relevant environmental authorities.
3. Conduct internal audits to identify non-conformities and implement corrective actions.

4.7 Emergency Procedures for Wastewater Spills

1. In case of leaks or spills:
   • Immediately isolate the affected area and contain the spill using absorbents.
   • Report the incident to the Safety Officer.
   • Dispose of contaminated materials as hazardous waste.

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2. Record details of the incident in the Spill Incident Log (Annexure 3).

5) Abbreviations, if any

• BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand
• COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand
• RO: Reverse Osmosis
• TSS: Total Suspended Solids

6) Documents, if any

• Wastewater Log
• Discharge Record Log
• Spill Incident Log

7) Reference, if any

• Environmental Protection Act (EPA) Guidelines
• Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Wastewater Standards
• OSHA Water Treatment Regulations

8) SOP Version

Version: 1.0

Annexure

Template 1: Wastewater Log

 
 
 
Date
 
Source
 
Flow Rate (L/hr)
 
pH
 
BOD (mg/L)
 
COD (mg/L)
 
Handled By
 
 
 
DD/MM/YYYY
 
Production Unit 1
 
500
 
7.2
 
50
 
120
 
John Doe
 
 
 

Template 2: Discharge Record Log

 
 
 
Date
 
Discharge Location
 
Flow Rate (L/hr)
 
Tested Parameters
 
Compliance Status
 
Authorized By
 
 
 
DD/MM/YYYY
 
Main Drainage
 
450
 
BOD, COD, pH
 
Compliant
 
Jane Doe